The Observations Of Albert Einstein s Theory Of Relativity

The most recent confirmation of Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity was the detection of gravitational waves. This discovery revolutionised our understanding of science and the universe. It has also unlocked the potential for future scientific endeavours especially in the field of gravitational wave astronomy. Spacetime is the union of the three spatial dimensions and the one time dimension into a continuum1. According to general relativity, gravity is the curvature of this spacetime due to the presence of mass. The greater the present mass the greater the curvature. Extremely large changes in spacetime curvature create wave like ripples in spacetime that propagate at light speed.2 These extremely large changes can occur due to black holes merging together. These ripples are gravitational waves, and can be detected. In 1916 gravitational waves were predicted by Albert Einstein in his theory of general relativity.1 Gravitational waves were first detected on 14 September 2015 by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO).3 This observatory consists of two installations, one in Hanford and one in Livingston, America. The waves detected were caused when two black holes of 36 and 29 solar masses merged. LIGO splits a laser beam down 2 perpendicular 4 kilometre tunnels, that are reflected back to their origin where they recombine at a detector. The two light beams travel the same distance, so normally when they recombine they cancel each other out. 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